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Information on the astronomical development, evolution and properties of the Sun, the G-type main-sequence star at the center of the Milky Way.

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Information on the astronomical development, evolution and properties of the Sun, the G-type main-sequence star at the center of the Milky Way.

Facts About The Sun - Telescope

The Sun is just One of about 100 billion Stars in our Galaxy. It has a Diameter of 1,390,000 km.
http://www.telescope.org/nuffield/pas/planets/planet6.html
Our Sun - Planets For Kids

The Sun gives life to the Earth and the Earth would have no life at all without the energy it receives from the Sun.
http://www.planetsforkids.org/star-sun.html
Sun Facts - Space Facts

The Sun (or Sol), is the star at the centre of our solar system and is responsible for the Earth's climate and weather. The Sun is an almost perfect sphere with a difference of just 10km in diameter between the poles and the equator. The average radius of the Sun is 695,508 km (109.2 x that of the Earth) of which 20â25% is the core.
http://space-facts.com/the-sun/
National Geographic - Sun

Compared with the billions of other stars in the universe, the sun is unremarkable. But for Earth and the other planets that revolve around it, the sun is a powerful center of attention. It holds the solar system together; pours life-giving light, heat, and energy on Earth; and generates space weather.
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/sun-article
Earth's Sun: Facts About the Sun's Age, Size and History - Space

The sun lies at the heart of the solar system, where it is by far the largest object. It holds 99.8 percent of the solar system's mass and is roughly 109 times the diameter of the Earth about one million Earths could fit inside the sun.
http://www.space.com/58-the-sun-formation-facts-and-characteristics.html
Sun Facts, Information, Pictures - Encyclopedia

Of all of the astronomical objects, the Sun is the most important to human beings. Since the dawn of civilization, knowing the daily and annual behavior of the Sun has meant the difference between life and death for people learning when to plant crops and when to harvest.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/sun.aspx
Understanding Astronomy: The Sun and the Seasons

To those of us who live on earth, the most important astronomical object by far is the sun. It provides light and warmth. Its motions through our sky cause day and night, the passage of the seasons, and earth's varied climates.
http://physics.weber.edu/schroeder/ua/SunAndSeasons.html
Blast Waves in the Sun's Atmosphere - Astronomy

A unique observational geometry of two solar probes uncovers a new solar phenomenon: large-scale waves accompanied by particles emissions rich in helium-3.
http://www.astronomy.com/news/2015/10/blast-waves-in-the-suns-atmosphere
The Sun - The Solar System's Only Star

Stars are born. They take shape. They go through a turbulent adolescence, and then they live out their lives in a predictable pattern. Some have companions to provide for. Others rapidly decline and die. In some ways, stars are just like people.
http://www.astronomytoday.com/astronomy/sun.html
The Sun - Curious About Astronomy? Ask an Astronomer

Ask an Astronomer is run by volunteers in the Astronomy Department at Cornell University. We answer your astronomy questions. Please browse our archive first.
http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/our-solar-system/the-sun
The Sun - Astronomy Know How

The sun is essentially a giant ball of gas and plasma that gets hotter and denser as you travel from the outer rim to the centre. Temperatures run from a mere 5780K on the outer visible layer (the photosphere) to about 15 million Kelvin in the middle!
http://www.astronomyknowhow.com/sun.htm
The Sun - Universe Today

The Sun is the center of the Solar System and the source of all life and energy here on Earth.
http://www.universetoday.com/16338/the-sun/
The Sun and Stellar Structure - Astronomy Notes

The Sun and planets are shown to the same scale. The small terrestrial planets and tiny Pluto are in the box the Earth is the blue dot near the center of the box (montage created by Nick Strobel using NASA images).
http://www.astronomynotes.com/starsun/s2.htm
The Sun: Educational Facts and History of the Star we Call The Sun

The Sun is by far the largest object in the solar system. It contains more than 99.8% of the total mass of the Solar System (Jupiter contains most of the rest).
http://nineplanets.org/sol.html
Sun - Wikipedia

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System and is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. It is a nearly perfect spherical ball of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun

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Sun
Observation data
The Sun, viewed through a clear solar filter
Names	Sun, Sol,^[1] Sól, Helios^[2]
Adjectives	Solar^[3]
Symbol
Mean distance from Earth	1 AU 149,600,000 km 8 min 19 s, light speed^[4]
Visual brightness	−26.74 (V)^[5]
Absolute magnitude	4.83^[5]
Spectral classification	G2V^[6]
Metallicity	Z = 0.0122^[7]
Angular size	0.527–0.545°^[8]
Orbital characteristics
Mean distance from Milky Way core	24,000 to 28,000 light-years^[9]
Galactic period	225–250 million years
Velocity	251 km/s orbit Galactic Center 20 km/s to stellar neighborhood 370 km/s to cosmic microwave background^[10]
Obliquity	7.25° (ecliptic)^[5] 67.23° (galactic plane)
Right ascension North pole	286.13° (286° 7′ 48″)^[5]
Declination of North pole	+63.87° (63° 52′ 12"N)^[5]
Sidereal rotation period	25.05 days (equator) 34.4 days (poles)^[5]
Equatorial rotation velocity	1.997 km/s^[11]
Physical characteristics
Equatorial radius	6.957×10⁸ m^[12] 109 × Earth radii^[11]
Flattening	0.00005^[5]
Surface area	6.09×10¹² km² 12,000 × Earth^[11]
Volume	1.412×10¹⁸ km³ 1,300,000 × Earth
Mass	1.9885×10³⁰ kg^[5] 332,950 Earths^[5]
Average density	1.408 g/cm³ 0.255 × Earth^[5]^[11]
Age	4.6 billion years^[13]^[14]
Equatorial surface gravity	274 m/s²^[5] 27.9 g₀^[11]
Moment of inertia factor	≈0.070^[5]
Surface escape velocity	617.7 km/s 55 × Earth^[11]
Temperature	15,700,000 K (center)^[5] 5,772 K (photosphere)^[12] 5,000,000 K (corona)
Luminosity	3.828×10²⁶ W^[5] 3.75×10²⁸ lm 98 lm/W efficacy
Color (B-V)	0.656^[15]
Mean radiance	2.009×10⁷ W·m⁻²·sr⁻¹
Photosphere composition by mass	73.46% hydrogen 24.85% helium 0.77% oxygen 0.29% carbon 0.16% iron 0.12% neon 0.09% nitrogen 0.07% silicon 0.05% magnesium 0.04% sulfur^[16]

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

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Media

Facts About The Sun - Telescope

The Sun is just One of about 100 billion Stars in our Galaxy. It has a Diameter of 1,390,000 km.
http://www.telescope.org/nuffield/pas/planets/planet6.html
Our Sun - Planets For Kids

The Sun gives life to the Earth and the Earth would have no life at all without the energy it receives from the Sun.
http://www.planetsforkids.org/star-sun.html
Sun Facts - Space Facts

The Sun (or Sol), is the star at the centre of our solar system and is responsible for the Earth's climate and weather. The Sun is an almost perfect sphere with a difference of just 10km in diameter between the poles and the equator. The average radius of the Sun is 695,508 km (109.2 x that of the Earth) of which 20â25% is the core.
http://space-facts.com/the-sun/
National Geographic - Sun

Compared with the billions of other stars in the universe, the sun is unremarkable. But for Earth and the other planets that revolve around it, the sun is a powerful center of attention. It holds the solar system together; pours life-giving light, heat, and energy on Earth; and generates space weather.
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/sun-article
Earth's Sun: Facts About the Sun's Age, Size and History - Space

The sun lies at the heart of the solar system, where it is by far the largest object. It holds 99.8 percent of the solar system's mass and is roughly 109 times the diameter of the Earth about one million Earths could fit inside the sun.
http://www.space.com/58-the-sun-formation-facts-and-characteristics.html
Sun Facts, Information, Pictures - Encyclopedia

Of all of the astronomical objects, the Sun is the most important to human beings. Since the dawn of civilization, knowing the daily and annual behavior of the Sun has meant the difference between life and death for people learning when to plant crops and when to harvest.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/sun.aspx
Understanding Astronomy: The Sun and the Seasons

To those of us who live on earth, the most important astronomical object by far is the sun. It provides light and warmth. Its motions through our sky cause day and night, the passage of the seasons, and earth's varied climates.
http://physics.weber.edu/schroeder/ua/SunAndSeasons.html
Blast Waves in the Sun's Atmosphere - Astronomy

A unique observational geometry of two solar probes uncovers a new solar phenomenon: large-scale waves accompanied by particles emissions rich in helium-3.
http://www.astronomy.com/news/2015/10/blast-waves-in-the-suns-atmosphere
The Sun - The Solar System's Only Star

Stars are born. They take shape. They go through a turbulent adolescence, and then they live out their lives in a predictable pattern. Some have companions to provide for. Others rapidly decline and die. In some ways, stars are just like people.
http://www.astronomytoday.com/astronomy/sun.html
The Sun - Curious About Astronomy? Ask an Astronomer

Ask an Astronomer is run by volunteers in the Astronomy Department at Cornell University. We answer your astronomy questions. Please browse our archive first.
http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/our-solar-system/the-sun
The Sun - Astronomy Know How

The sun is essentially a giant ball of gas and plasma that gets hotter and denser as you travel from the outer rim to the centre. Temperatures run from a mere 5780K on the outer visible layer (the photosphere) to about 15 million Kelvin in the middle!
http://www.astronomyknowhow.com/sun.htm
The Sun - Universe Today

The Sun is the center of the Solar System and the source of all life and energy here on Earth.
http://www.universetoday.com/16338/the-sun/
The Sun and Stellar Structure - Astronomy Notes

The Sun and planets are shown to the same scale. The small terrestrial planets and tiny Pluto are in the box the Earth is the blue dot near the center of the box (montage created by Nick Strobel using NASA images).
http://www.astronomynotes.com/starsun/s2.htm
The Sun: Educational Facts and History of the Star we Call The Sun

The Sun is by far the largest object in the solar system. It contains more than 99.8% of the total mass of the Solar System (Jupiter contains most of the rest).
http://nineplanets.org/sol.html
Sun - Wikipedia

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System and is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. It is a nearly perfect spherical ball of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun

Sun
Observation data
The Sun, viewed through a clear solar filter
Names	Sun, Sol,^[1] Sól, Helios^[2]
Adjectives	Solar^[3]
Symbol
Mean distance from Earth	1 AU 149,600,000 km 8 min 19 s, light speed^[4]
Visual brightness	−26.74 (V)^[5]
Absolute magnitude	4.83^[5]
Spectral classification	G2V^[6]
Metallicity	Z = 0.0122^[7]
Angular size	0.527–0.545°^[8]
Orbital characteristics
Mean distance from Milky Way core	24,000 to 28,000 light-years^[9]
Galactic period	225–250 million years
Velocity	251 km/s orbit Galactic Center 20 km/s to stellar neighborhood 370 km/s to cosmic microwave background^[10]
Obliquity	7.25° (ecliptic)^[5] 67.23° (galactic plane)
Right ascension North pole	286.13° (286° 7′ 48″)^[5]
Declination of North pole	+63.87° (63° 52′ 12"N)^[5]
Sidereal rotation period	25.05 days (equator) 34.4 days (poles)^[5]
Equatorial rotation velocity	1.997 km/s^[11]
Physical characteristics
Equatorial radius	6.957×10⁸ m^[12] 109 × Earth radii^[11]
Flattening	0.00005^[5]
Surface area	6.09×10¹² km² 12,000 × Earth^[11]
Volume	1.412×10¹⁸ km³ 1,300,000 × Earth
Mass	1.9885×10³⁰ kg^[5] 332,950 Earths^[5]
Average density	1.408 g/cm³ 0.255 × Earth^[5]^[11]
Age	4.6 billion years^[13]^[14]
Equatorial surface gravity	274 m/s²^[5] 27.9 g₀^[11]
Moment of inertia factor	≈0.070^[5]
Surface escape velocity	617.7 km/s 55 × Earth^[11]
Temperature	15,700,000 K (center)^[5] 5,772 K (photosphere)^[12] 5,000,000 K (corona)
Luminosity	3.828×10²⁶ W^[5] 3.75×10²⁸ lm 98 lm/W efficacy
Color (B-V)	0.656^[15]
Mean radiance	2.009×10⁷ W·m⁻²·sr⁻¹
Photosphere composition by mass	73.46% hydrogen 24.85% helium 0.77% oxygen 0.29% carbon 0.16% iron 0.12% neon 0.09% nitrogen 0.07% silicon 0.05% magnesium 0.04% sulfur^[16]

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

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Sun

Information on the astronomical development, evolution and properties of the Sun, the G-type main-sequence star at the center of the Milky Way.

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