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Napoleonic Wars

Paul Strange

@pstrange

Information and facts on the Napoleonic Wars of 1803 to 1815, including the French Revolution and key conflicts like the battle of Waterloo.

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Paul Strange

@pstrange

Information and facts on the Napoleonic Wars of 1803 to 1815, including the French Revolution and key conflicts like the battle of Waterloo.

The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars represented continuity in European diplomacy from the eighteenth to the nineteenth century, but witnessed considerable change in the way that war was waged.
http://ieg-ego.eu/en/threads/alliances-and-wars/war-as-an-agent-of-transfer/frederick-c-schneid-the-french-revolutionary-and-napoleonic-wars
Napoleon Bonaparte, Facts and Summary - History
Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), also known as Napoleon I, was a French military leader and emperor who conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century.
http://www.history.com/topics/napoleon
The impact of the Napoleonic Wars in Britain - The British Library
The start of the 19th century was a time of hostility between France and England, marked by a series of wars. Throughout this period, England feared a French invasion led by Napoleon. Ruth Mather explores the impact of this fear on literature and on everyday life.
http://www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/the-impact-of-the-napoleonic-wars-in-britain
7 Surprising Facts About the Napoleonic Wars on the Eve of the 200th Battle of Waterloo Anniversary - History Extra
The Napoleonic Wars are often seen as a clash of European powers fighting for dominance over the European continent. In many ways they were, but the Napoleonic Wars are also an example of world war before 1914.
http://www.historyextra.com/article/international-history/7-surprising-facts-about-napoleonic-wars-waterloo-napoleon
Napoleonic War and the War of 1812
The Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815) were a series of wars between France and shifting alliances between other European powers. For a brief time, they made France the most influential power in Europe, as the conflicts cemented many of the fundamental changes emerging from the French Revolution not only in France but also in adjacent lands in Germany, Italy and the Netherlands.
http://www.eighteentwelve.ca/?q=eng/Topic/1
The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars - About Education
The Napoleonic Wars, and the French Revolutionary Wars before them, consumed Europe between 1792 and 1815. The Napoleonic Wars saw French forces battling various coalitions of European nations. Ending in 1815 with Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Waterloo, the Napoleonic Wars saw the map of Europe forever changed.
http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/napoleonicwars/tp/The-French-Revolutionary-And-Napoleonic-Wars.htm
The British View of the War of 1812 Quite Differently than the Americans Do
The star-spangled war confirmed independence for the United States. But for Great Britain, it was a betrayal
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/british-view-war-1812-quite-differently-americans-do-180951852
A British Perspective - War of 1812 - PBS
The War of 1812 has been referred to as a victorious "Second War for Independence," and used to define Canadian identity, but the British only remember 1812 as the year Napoleon marched to Moscow.
http://www.pbs.org/wned/war-of-1812/essays/british-perspective/
BBC History: British History in Depth: Napoleon, Nelson and the French Threat
When war broke out between Britain and Revolutionary France in the spring of 1793 there was no immediate threat of French invasion. Britain relied on the Royal Navy for defence and planned a series of sorties against the French forces in mainland Europe.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/french_threat_01.shtml
Napoleonic Wars and the United States, 1803-1815 - 1801-1829 - Milestones - Office of the Historian
The Napoleonic Wars continued the Wars of the French Revolution. Great Britain and France fought for European supremacy, and treated weaker powers heavy-handedly. The United States attempted to remain neutral during the Napoleonic period, but eventually became embroiled in the European conflicts, leading to the War of 1812 against Great Britain.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1801-1829/napoleonic-wars
Napoleonic Wars - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) were a series of major conflicts pitting the French Empire, led by Emperor Napoleon I, against an array of European powers formed into various coalitions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars

Comments

Napoleonic Wars

Part of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

Left to right, top to bottom:
Battles of Austerlitz, Berlin, Friedland, Vienna, Moscow, Leipzig, Paris

Date	18 May 1803 – 20 November 1815 (1803-05-18 – 1815-11-20) (12 years, 6 months and 2 days)
Location	Atlantic Ocean, Caucasus, Europe, French Guiana, Mediterranean Sea, North Sea, West Indies, Egypt, East Indies.
Result	Coalition victory Congress of Vienna Full results Second Treaty of Paris Exile of Napoleon I to Saint Helena^[4] Fall of the First French Empire Restoration of the Bourbon monarchy Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark–Norway. Decline of the Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch Empires. Rise of the British Empire as the dominant world superpower^[5] Establishment of the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway,^[6] and the United Kingdom of the Netherlands^[7]^{[citation not found]}^[8] Russian army is becoming one of the strongest in the world^[9] Rise of Prussia as a new European power^[10] Beginning of Italian^[11]^[12] and German unifications^[13] Widespread rise of nationalism and liberalism in Europe^[14]^{[citation not found]}^[15] Major population loss in France and the rest of Continental Western Europe^[16]^{[page needed]}

Belligerents

France and its client states:

French Republic (until 1804)

French Empire (from 1804)

Commanders and leaders

Strength

Russia: 900,000 regulars, cossacks and militia at peak strength (1812)^[17]
Prussia: 320,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1806)^[18]
United Kingdom: 250,000 regulars, sailors, marines and militia at peak strength (1813)^[19]^{[citation not found]}
Austria: 300,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1809)
Spain: 198,520 regulars, guerrillas and militia at peak strength (1812)^[20]^[aq]
Portugal: 50,000 regulars, guerrillas and militia at peak strength (1809)
Sweden: 50,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)
Netherlands: 36,500 regulars and militia at peak strength (1815)
Ottoman Empire: 350,000 regulars

Other coalition members: 100,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)

Total: 3,000,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)

French Empire: 1,200,000 regulars, sailors, marines and militia at peak strength (1813)^[22]
French clients and allies: 500,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)
Total: 2,000,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)

Casualties and losses

Austria: 350,220 killed in action^[23] (500,000 total dead)
Spain: more than 300,000 killed in action^[24] and more than 586,000 dead in total including civilians^[25]
Russia: 289,000 killed in action^[26] (600,000 total dead including civilians)
Prussia: 134,000 killed in action (300,000 total dead including civilians)
United Kingdom: 125,000^[27] killed in action (300,000 total dead)
Portugal: up to 250,000 total dead or missing including civilians^[27]
Italy: 120,000 total dead or missing including civilians^[24]
Ottoman Empire: 50,000 total dead or missing^[28]
Total: 4,000,000 total military and civilian dead or missing

French Empire:

306,000 French killed in action^[29]
65,000 French allies killed in action^[30]
800,000 French and allies killed by wounds, accidents or disease^[30]
600,000 civilians killed^[30]
Total: 2,000,000 dead^[31]^{[page needed]}

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

Links
Media

The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars represented continuity in European diplomacy from the eighteenth to the nineteenth century, but witnessed considerable change in the way that war was waged.
http://ieg-ego.eu/en/threads/alliances-and-wars/war-as-an-agent-of-transfer/frederick-c-schneid-the-french-revolutionary-and-napoleonic-wars
Napoleon Bonaparte, Facts and Summary - History
Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), also known as Napoleon I, was a French military leader and emperor who conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century.
http://www.history.com/topics/napoleon
The impact of the Napoleonic Wars in Britain - The British Library
The start of the 19th century was a time of hostility between France and England, marked by a series of wars. Throughout this period, England feared a French invasion led by Napoleon. Ruth Mather explores the impact of this fear on literature and on everyday life.
http://www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/the-impact-of-the-napoleonic-wars-in-britain
7 Surprising Facts About the Napoleonic Wars on the Eve of the 200th Battle of Waterloo Anniversary - History Extra
The Napoleonic Wars are often seen as a clash of European powers fighting for dominance over the European continent. In many ways they were, but the Napoleonic Wars are also an example of world war before 1914.
http://www.historyextra.com/article/international-history/7-surprising-facts-about-napoleonic-wars-waterloo-napoleon
Napoleonic War and the War of 1812
The Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815) were a series of wars between France and shifting alliances between other European powers. For a brief time, they made France the most influential power in Europe, as the conflicts cemented many of the fundamental changes emerging from the French Revolution not only in France but also in adjacent lands in Germany, Italy and the Netherlands.
http://www.eighteentwelve.ca/?q=eng/Topic/1
The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars - About Education
The Napoleonic Wars, and the French Revolutionary Wars before them, consumed Europe between 1792 and 1815. The Napoleonic Wars saw French forces battling various coalitions of European nations. Ending in 1815 with Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Waterloo, the Napoleonic Wars saw the map of Europe forever changed.
http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/napoleonicwars/tp/The-French-Revolutionary-And-Napoleonic-Wars.htm
The British View of the War of 1812 Quite Differently than the Americans Do
The star-spangled war confirmed independence for the United States. But for Great Britain, it was a betrayal
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/british-view-war-1812-quite-differently-americans-do-180951852
A British Perspective - War of 1812 - PBS
The War of 1812 has been referred to as a victorious "Second War for Independence," and used to define Canadian identity, but the British only remember 1812 as the year Napoleon marched to Moscow.
http://www.pbs.org/wned/war-of-1812/essays/british-perspective/
BBC History: British History in Depth: Napoleon, Nelson and the French Threat
When war broke out between Britain and Revolutionary France in the spring of 1793 there was no immediate threat of French invasion. Britain relied on the Royal Navy for defence and planned a series of sorties against the French forces in mainland Europe.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/french_threat_01.shtml
Napoleonic Wars and the United States, 1803-1815 - 1801-1829 - Milestones - Office of the Historian
The Napoleonic Wars continued the Wars of the French Revolution. Great Britain and France fought for European supremacy, and treated weaker powers heavy-handedly. The United States attempted to remain neutral during the Napoleonic period, but eventually became embroiled in the European conflicts, leading to the War of 1812 against Great Britain.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1801-1829/napoleonic-wars
Napoleonic Wars - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) were a series of major conflicts pitting the French Empire, led by Emperor Napoleon I, against an array of European powers formed into various coalitions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars

Napoleonic Wars

Part of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

Left to right, top to bottom:
Battles of Austerlitz, Berlin, Friedland, Vienna, Moscow, Leipzig, Paris

Date	18 May 1803 – 20 November 1815 (1803-05-18 – 1815-11-20) (12 years, 6 months and 2 days)
Location	Atlantic Ocean, Caucasus, Europe, French Guiana, Mediterranean Sea, North Sea, West Indies, Egypt, East Indies.
Result	Coalition victory Congress of Vienna Full results Second Treaty of Paris Exile of Napoleon I to Saint Helena^[4] Fall of the First French Empire Restoration of the Bourbon monarchy Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark–Norway. Decline of the Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch Empires. Rise of the British Empire as the dominant world superpower^[5] Establishment of the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway,^[6] and the United Kingdom of the Netherlands^[7]^{[citation not found]}^[8] Russian army is becoming one of the strongest in the world^[9] Rise of Prussia as a new European power^[10] Beginning of Italian^[11]^[12] and German unifications^[13] Widespread rise of nationalism and liberalism in Europe^[14]^{[citation not found]}^[15] Major population loss in France and the rest of Continental Western Europe^[16]^{[page needed]}

Belligerents

France and its client states:

French Republic (until 1804)

French Empire (from 1804)

Commanders and leaders

Strength

Russia: 900,000 regulars, cossacks and militia at peak strength (1812)^[17]
Prussia: 320,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1806)^[18]
United Kingdom: 250,000 regulars, sailors, marines and militia at peak strength (1813)^[19]^{[citation not found]}
Austria: 300,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1809)
Spain: 198,520 regulars, guerrillas and militia at peak strength (1812)^[20]^[aq]
Portugal: 50,000 regulars, guerrillas and militia at peak strength (1809)
Sweden: 50,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)
Netherlands: 36,500 regulars and militia at peak strength (1815)
Ottoman Empire: 350,000 regulars

Other coalition members: 100,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)

Total: 3,000,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)

French Empire: 1,200,000 regulars, sailors, marines and militia at peak strength (1813)^[22]
French clients and allies: 500,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)
Total: 2,000,000 regulars and militia at peak strength (1813)

Casualties and losses

Austria: 350,220 killed in action^[23] (500,000 total dead)
Spain: more than 300,000 killed in action^[24] and more than 586,000 dead in total including civilians^[25]
Russia: 289,000 killed in action^[26] (600,000 total dead including civilians)
Prussia: 134,000 killed in action (300,000 total dead including civilians)
United Kingdom: 125,000^[27] killed in action (300,000 total dead)
Portugal: up to 250,000 total dead or missing including civilians^[27]
Italy: 120,000 total dead or missing including civilians^[24]
Ottoman Empire: 50,000 total dead or missing^[28]
Total: 4,000,000 total military and civilian dead or missing

French Empire:

306,000 French killed in action^[29]
65,000 French allies killed in action^[30]
800,000 French and allies killed by wounds, accidents or disease^[30]
600,000 civilians killed^[30]
Total: 2,000,000 dead^[31]^{[page needed]}

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

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Napoleonic Wars

Information and facts on the Napoleonic Wars of 1803 to 1815, including the French Revolution and key conflicts like the battle of Waterloo.

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