Economy

Sumanth Reddy Lingampally

@sumanthchandu

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Sumanth Reddy Lingampally

@sumanthchandu

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Economy of India
Statistics
Mumbai, the financial centre of India ^[1] ^[2]
Currency	Indian rupee (INR, ₹)
Fiscal year	1 April – 31 March
Trade organisations	WTO, WCO, SAFTA, BIMSTEC, WFTU, BRICS, G-20, BIS, AIIB, ADB and others
Country group	Developing/Emerging^[3] Lower-middle income economy^[4] Mixed economy^[5] Newly industrialized country Welfare state^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] Socialist state^[10]^[11]
Population	1,428,627,663 (1st; 2024 est.)^[12]
GDP	$4.27 trillion (nominal; FY2025)^[13] $17.36 trillion (PPP; FY2025)^[13]
GDP rank	5th (nominal; 2025) 3rd (PPP; 2025)
GDP growth	7% (FY2024)^[14] 6.4% (FY2025)^[14]
GDP per capita	$2,940 (nominal; 2025 est.)^[14] $11,942 (PPP; 2025 est.)^[14]
GDP per capita rank	141st (nominal; 2024)^[a] 119th (PPP; 2025)^[a]
GDP by sector	Agriculture: 17.7% Industry: 27.6% Services: 54.7% (FY 2023–24)^[15]
GDP by component	Private final consumption: 56.3% Government final consumption: 9.3% Gross fixed capital formation: 33.5% Exports of goods and services: 22.6% Imports of goods and services: -23.2% Other source: 2.5% (FY 2024–25)^[16]
Inflation ( CPI)	4.37% (2024)^[17]
Population below poverty line	82% on less than $6.85/day (2021)^[18] 44% on less than $3.65/day (2021)^[19]
Gini coefficient	32.8 medium (2021)^[20]
Human Development Index	0.644 medium (2022, HDI 134th)^[21] 0.444 low (2022, IHDI 118th)^[21]
Corruption Perceptions Index	38 out of 100 points (2024)^[22] (rank 96th)
Labour force	586 million (2023)^[23] 49.8% employment rate (2022)^[24] 90%–95% of workers are engaged in the unorganized sector.^[25]^[26]^[27]
Labour force by occupation	Infrastructure: 13%^[28]^[29]^[30] Agriculture: 44%^[31] Industry: 28%^[32] Services: 34%^[33] (2023)
Unemployment	7.6% (March 2024)^[34]^[35]
Average gross salary	US$ 206 (self employed urban males) US$ 116 (self employed rural males) per month (2022)
Average net salary	US$ 181 (self employed urban males) US$ 102 (self employed rural males) per month (2022)
Final consumption expenditure	70.7% of GDP (2023)^[36]
Gross capital formation	31% of GDP (2023)^[37]
Gross savings	31.781% of GDP (2023)^[38]
Yield curve	10-year bond 7.190% (Jan 2023)^[39]^[40]
Purchasing Managers' Index	58.3 Manufacturing (June 2024)^[41] 61.2 Services (June 2024)^[42]
Main industries	Textiles chemicals food processing steel transportation equipment cement mining petroleum machinery software pharmaceuticals^[43]
External
Exports	$776.68 billion (FY 2023–24)^[44]
Export goods	Manufacturers 70.7% Fuels and mining products 14.7% Agricultural products 14.1% Others 0.5%^[45] (2022)
Main export partners	United States 17.7% European Union 17.4% United Arab Emirates 8.2% China 5.7% Hong Kong 1.9% Singapore 2.9% United Kingdom 2.6% Saudi Arabia 2.6% Bangladesh 2.5% South Africa 2.0% Australia 1.8% (2023–24)^[46]
Imports	$854.80 billion (FY 2023–24)^[44]
Import goods	Agricultural products 7% Fuels and mining products 33.2% Manufacturers 52.1% Other 7.7 %^[45] (2022)
Main import partners	China 18.1% Hong Kong 3.0% Russia 9.1% European Union 8.8% United Arab Emirates 7.1% United States 6.0% Saudi Arabia 4.7% Iraq 4.4% Indonesia 3.5% Switzerland 3.1% Singapore 3.1% (2023–24)^[46]
FDI stock	$514 Billion (2021–22) ^[47]^[48]
Current account	–$44.563 billion (2024)^[38]^[49] –1.146% of GDP (2024)^[38]
Gross external debt	$663.8 billion (March 2024)^[50] ( 18.7% of GDP)
Net international investment position	–$379.7 billion (June 2023)^[51]
Public finances
Government debt	₹246.531 trillion (US$2.8 trillion)^[38] 81.9% of GDP (2023)^[38]
Budget balance	–6.4% of GDP (2022–23)^[52]
Revenues	₹27.163 trillion (US$310 billion) (2023–24) ^[53]
Expenses	₹45.031 trillion (US$520 billion) (2023–24) ^[53]
Economic aid	Donor: $4.234 billion (2021) ($30.59 billions Line of Credit in total) ^[54]
Credit rating	Standard & Poor's:^[55] BBB− Outlook: Positive Moody's:^[55] Baa3 Outlook: Stable Fitch:^[55] BBB− Outlook: Stable DBRS:^[56] BBB(low) Outlook: Positive
Foreign reserves	$704.885 billion^[b]^[57] (4th) (as of 27 September 2024)
All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

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Economy of India
Statistics
Mumbai, the financial centre of India ^[1] ^[2]
Currency	Indian rupee (INR, ₹)
Fiscal year	1 April – 31 March
Trade organisations	WTO, WCO, SAFTA, BIMSTEC, WFTU, BRICS, G-20, BIS, AIIB, ADB and others
Country group	Developing/Emerging^[3] Lower-middle income economy^[4] Mixed economy^[5] Newly industrialized country Welfare state^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] Socialist state^[10]^[11]
Population	1,428,627,663 (1st; 2024 est.)^[12]
GDP	$4.27 trillion (nominal; FY2025)^[13] $17.36 trillion (PPP; FY2025)^[13]
GDP rank	5th (nominal; 2025) 3rd (PPP; 2025)
GDP growth	7% (FY2024)^[14] 6.4% (FY2025)^[14]
GDP per capita	$2,940 (nominal; 2025 est.)^[14] $11,942 (PPP; 2025 est.)^[14]
GDP per capita rank	141st (nominal; 2024)^[a] 119th (PPP; 2025)^[a]
GDP by sector	Agriculture: 17.7% Industry: 27.6% Services: 54.7% (FY 2023–24)^[15]
GDP by component	Private final consumption: 56.3% Government final consumption: 9.3% Gross fixed capital formation: 33.5% Exports of goods and services: 22.6% Imports of goods and services: -23.2% Other source: 2.5% (FY 2024–25)^[16]
Inflation ( CPI)	4.37% (2024)^[17]
Population below poverty line	82% on less than $6.85/day (2021)^[18] 44% on less than $3.65/day (2021)^[19]
Gini coefficient	32.8 medium (2021)^[20]
Human Development Index	0.644 medium (2022, HDI 134th)^[21] 0.444 low (2022, IHDI 118th)^[21]
Corruption Perceptions Index	38 out of 100 points (2024)^[22] (rank 96th)
Labour force	586 million (2023)^[23] 49.8% employment rate (2022)^[24] 90%–95% of workers are engaged in the unorganized sector.^[25]^[26]^[27]
Labour force by occupation	Infrastructure: 13%^[28]^[29]^[30] Agriculture: 44%^[31] Industry: 28%^[32] Services: 34%^[33] (2023)
Unemployment	7.6% (March 2024)^[34]^[35]
Average gross salary	US$ 206 (self employed urban males) US$ 116 (self employed rural males) per month (2022)
Average net salary	US$ 181 (self employed urban males) US$ 102 (self employed rural males) per month (2022)
Final consumption expenditure	70.7% of GDP (2023)^[36]
Gross capital formation	31% of GDP (2023)^[37]
Gross savings	31.781% of GDP (2023)^[38]
Yield curve	10-year bond 7.190% (Jan 2023)^[39]^[40]
Purchasing Managers' Index	58.3 Manufacturing (June 2024)^[41] 61.2 Services (June 2024)^[42]
Main industries	Textiles chemicals food processing steel transportation equipment cement mining petroleum machinery software pharmaceuticals^[43]
External
Exports	$776.68 billion (FY 2023–24)^[44]
Export goods	Manufacturers 70.7% Fuels and mining products 14.7% Agricultural products 14.1% Others 0.5%^[45] (2022)
Main export partners	United States 17.7% European Union 17.4% United Arab Emirates 8.2% China 5.7% Hong Kong 1.9% Singapore 2.9% United Kingdom 2.6% Saudi Arabia 2.6% Bangladesh 2.5% South Africa 2.0% Australia 1.8% (2023–24)^[46]
Imports	$854.80 billion (FY 2023–24)^[44]
Import goods	Agricultural products 7% Fuels and mining products 33.2% Manufacturers 52.1% Other 7.7 %^[45] (2022)
Main import partners	China 18.1% Hong Kong 3.0% Russia 9.1% European Union 8.8% United Arab Emirates 7.1% United States 6.0% Saudi Arabia 4.7% Iraq 4.4% Indonesia 3.5% Switzerland 3.1% Singapore 3.1% (2023–24)^[46]
FDI stock	$514 Billion (2021–22) ^[47]^[48]
Current account	–$44.563 billion (2024)^[38]^[49] –1.146% of GDP (2024)^[38]
Gross external debt	$663.8 billion (March 2024)^[50] ( 18.7% of GDP)
Net international investment position	–$379.7 billion (June 2023)^[51]
Public finances
Government debt	₹246.531 trillion (US$2.8 trillion)^[38] 81.9% of GDP (2023)^[38]
Budget balance	–6.4% of GDP (2022–23)^[52]
Revenues	₹27.163 trillion (US$310 billion) (2023–24) ^[53]
Expenses	₹45.031 trillion (US$520 billion) (2023–24) ^[53]
Economic aid	Donor: $4.234 billion (2021) ($30.59 billions Line of Credit in total) ^[54]
Credit rating	Standard & Poor's:^[55] BBB− Outlook: Positive Moody's:^[55] Baa3 Outlook: Stable Fitch:^[55] BBB− Outlook: Stable DBRS:^[56] BBB(low) Outlook: Positive
Foreign reserves	$704.885 billion^[b]^[57] (4th) (as of 27 September 2024)
All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

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